seismic interpreter (geology)

Seismic interpreters work from surveys which involve sending pulses of sound energy down through layers of rock beneath the earth's surface. The energy which bounces back is recorded. Acquired data is then processed by seismic data processors and sent to seismic interpreters for analysis.
Seismic interpreters combine the use of 2D, 3D and 4D models with their geological knowledge to calculate the depth and outline of underground formations in order to make estimates of mineral or carbon deposits. These are used by energy or minerals extraction companies or to inform environmental assessments or geological research if working in other settings.

Typical work activities

Tasks typically involve:

• interpreting data of seismic sections (3D and 2D sections of the earth's crust) from surveys, satellites and acoustic measurements;
• using data to generate maps and cross sections of the earth's structure to locate oil-bearing strata, etc.;
• analysing and generating scientific and numerical data;
• working with reservoir engineers to evaluate hydrocarbon prospects - looking at how much oil and gas there is, how easy it is to get to, and what difficulties and hazards might be encountered;
• predicting any changes, movements and flow in the rock structures where the hydrocarbons are present;
• conducting detailed analyses of current exploration fields for data that may have a bearing on new wells, looking at how productive they are likely to be and whether there may be any structural problems to consider;
• using a combination of well and seismic data to convert map structures from time to depth in order to know how deep drilling needs to be;
• using seismic data to collect information about rock quality and volume (seismic reflections come back in different strengths, according to whether the subsurface material is sand, shells, water, oil, etc.) in order to measure how much oil or gas is likely to be in a given structure;
• analysing seismic data for sub-surface engineering applications;
• interpreting seismic data for environmental assessments and geological research;
• writing scientific reports;
• delivering technical presentations to clients at the end of a project;
• using specialised equipment to assess the physical properties of rock;
• using a variety of highly sophisticated computer systems;
• using computer modelling to simulate hydrocarbon generation and seismic responses of specific structures;
• occasionally working on the development of specialised interpretation software;
• using information from one oil basin (area of oil deposit) to locate potential in others;
• advising and consulting with clients and colleagues;
• supervising and training staff in the techniques listed above;
• sharing information within a multidisciplinary team.

• Typical starting salaries are between £20,000 and £30,000. Salaries often increase significantly after initial training (salary data collected Dec 09). In addition, many companies pay a comprehensive range of benefits to their employees and families.
• After several years' experience salaries of £50,000-£70,000 are not uncommon (salary data collected Dec 09). However, there is wide variation depending on the nature of the company and location. For a detailed survey of salaries worldwide see the website of the Society of Petroleum Engineers .
• Working hours are mainly nine to five, but additional hours may be required at key stages during a project or when a deadline must be met.
• The majority of the work is office based.
• Many roles are permanent, but companies also offer long-term contracts with higher rates of pay. Recruitment depends on the changing demand for oil, which is currently buoyant.
• The industry is still male dominated with the majority of jobs at all levels being carried out by men. However, the number of women is increasing and there are large variations in gender balance from company to company.
• Geographical mobility is important as exploration and production sites move to new locations around the world. Large companies provide accommodation and support for families in residential postings around the globe.
• English is usually the language used for business in offices worldwide. In the UK, the majority of jobs are based around London or Aberdeen.
• A number of companies have sites in many parts of the world and on any oil field there is likely to be a culturally diverse workforce.
• The work may not be stressful on a daily basis, but there will be extremely busy times, such as when a drilling proposal is being put together, or when a problem arises.
• Occasionally the work can become dangerous in the sense that oil is a politically sensitive commodity, so outbreaks of international tension may have an effect on the location or the day-to-day working conditions for employees.